Period Pain

The pain is triggered by natural chemicals called prostaglandins, which make the womb muscles contract. Higher levels of prostaglandins are linked to stronger cramps. Other factors like heavy periods or certain medical conditions can make the pain worse.

The main symptom is cramping in the lower belly, which may spread to the back and thighs. Some people also feel nausea, headaches, or diarrhoea. The pain usually begins around the start of the period and can last for a few days.

Period pain can be managed with over the counter or prescription pain relief, as well as hormonal treatments such as the pill. Heat pads, gentle exercise, and rest can also provide relief. The right treatment depends on how severe the pain is and how it affects daily life.

For many women, period pain improves with age or after having children. Lifestyle changes, like regular exercise and stress management, can also help reduce discomfort over time. However, some people continue to experience significant pain that requires treatment.

You should seek medical advice if your pain is severe, sudden, or interferes with daily activities. Period pain that worsens with time, or is accompanied by very heavy bleeding, could signal an underlying condition. A doctor can help rule out issues like endometriosis or fibroids.

Most pain relief and hormonal treatments are safe when used as directed. Like all medicines, they may cause side effects, but these are usually mild and manageable. A doctor can advise the best option based on your medical history.

Period cramps often start a day or two before bleeding begins. They are usually worst in the first 24–48 hours but can last up to three days. The length and intensity vary from person to person.

Mild to moderate cramping is common and considered a normal part of menstruation. However, severe pain that limits your ability to carry out daily activities is not something you should ignore. Persistent or worsening pain should be checked by a doctor.

Anti-inflammatory medicines are often the most effective at reducing period pain, as they target prostaglandins. Paracetamol can also help with milder discomfort. Your choice of painkiller depends on your health needs and any other medications you take.

Teenagers who experience painful periods can often use the same basic pain relief as adults, provided it is safe for their age. It’s important to follow age-appropriate dosing instructions carefully. If pain is severe or frequent, a doctor should be consulted for further advice.

Periods can change throughout your life, sometimes becoming heavier during your 30s and 40s. Hormonal shifts, childbirth, and approaching menopause can all affect flow and cramps. If you notice sudden or very heavy changes, it’s best to seek medical advice.