Acute Sinusitis

Sinus problems are often caused by infections from viruses, bacteria, or sometimes fungi. Allergies, nasal polyps, or structural issues in the nose can also contribute to blocked sinuses. When the sinuses can’t drain, bacteria or viruses can multiply and trigger infection.

The common symptoms include facial pain or pressure, blocked or runny nose, headache, and thick nasal discharge. Some people may also experience fever, tiredness, reduced sense of smell, or tooth pain. The symptoms can range from mild to severe depending on the cause and duration.

If you have a blocked nose, pressure around the eyes or cheeks, thick nasal discharge, or pain when leaning forward, it may be a sign of sinusitis. These symptoms often follow a cold or flu. A healthcare professional can confirm whether it’s sinusitis and recommend treatment.

Most cases of acute sinusitis improve within 2 to 3 weeks, though some mild viral cases can resolve sooner. Bacterial sinusitis may last longer and often requires antibiotics to fully clear. If symptoms persist beyond 10 days or worsen, medical advice should be sought.

Many viral sinus infections do clear up on their own without the need for antibiotics. Simple self-care measures such as rest, fluids, and steam inhalation can help. However, bacterial sinus infections may not resolve without treatment and can require prescribed antibiotics.

The treatment depends on the cause. Viral sinusitis is often managed with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter remedies for pain and congestion. For bacterial sinusitis, antibiotics such as Penicillin, Clarithromycin, or Erythromycin may be prescribed to help clear the infection.

Sinusitis can linger because the sinuses are small, air-filled spaces that can stay blocked for long periods. Swelling, thick mucus, and ongoing irritation make it difficult for the infection to clear naturally. Repeated colds, allergies, or smoking can also make recovery slower.

Viral sinus infections usually improve within a week and don’t require antibiotics. Bacterial sinus infections often last longer than 10 days, or symptoms may worsen after initially getting better. A doctor can help determine the cause and decide if antibiotics are necessary.

People with sinus problems should avoid smoking, secondhand smoke, and very dry air, as these can worsen symptoms. Reducing exposure to allergens like dust or pollen can also help. Limiting alcohol is advised, since it can cause nasal swelling and congestion.

Mild sinus infections may clear on their own, but untreated bacterial sinusitis can lead to complications. These include worsening pain, persistent fever, or spread of infection to nearby areas such as the eye or, in rare cases, the brain. Seeking treatment helps prevent risks.

Pregnant women should be cautious with medications and always seek medical advice before starting treatment. Simple remedies like steam inhalation, saline sprays, and plenty of fluids are often recommended. In some cases, safe antibiotics may be prescribed if the infection is bacterial.